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Country
Map of the Philippines
Asia · Manila
The Philippines spans the Sunda and Philippine Sea plates. It has 23 volcanoes active over the last 10,000 years, 10 of which have erupted since 1900. Since 1900, 143 major earthquakes have been recorded, causing at least 14,332 deaths. Its natural and humanitarian risk index (INFORM) is 5.3 out of 10, a medium level.
- Capital
- Manila
- Population
- 112,729,484
- Area
- 343,448 km²
- Continent
- Asia
Tectonic Plates
Natural Hazards
INFORM index by the European Commission, from 0 (very low) to 10 (very high), for each type of hazard.
People Exposed Each Year
- 238,766to strong shaking (intensity VI and above)
- 202,579to destructive shaking (intensity VIII and above)
- 3,567to tsunamis
- 9,066,531to hurricane-force winds (category 1 and above)
- 338,782to river floods
- 458,952to coastal floods
Risk Index Over Time
Hazard Levels
Hazard level assessed by ThinkHazard! (World Bank, GFDRR), meaning the likelihood of a damaging event, from very low to high.
- River FloodHigh
- Urban FloodHigh
- Coastal FloodHigh
- EarthquakeHigh
- LandslideHigh
- TsunamiHigh
- VolcanoHigh
- CycloneHigh
- Water ScarcityHigh
- WildfireHigh
- Extreme HeatMedium
Volcanoes (23)
Volcanoes active over the last 10,000 years; year of the last known eruption.
- Kanlaon Volcano 2026
- Mayon Volcano 2026
- Taal 2026
- Mount Bulusan 2025
- Pinatubo 2021
- Didicas 1978
- Camiguin 1953
- Biliran 1939
- Babuyan Claro 1924
- Mount Ragang 1916
- Mount Makaturing 1882
- Cagua Volcano 1860
- Camiguin de Babuyanes 1857
- Cabalian Volcano 1820
- Melebingoy 1641
- Mount Iraya 1454
- San Pablo Volcanic Field 1350
- Mount Matutum 1290
- Leonard Range 80
- Mount Isarog 3,500 BCE
- Musuan ?
- Mount Iriga ?
- Mount Banahaw ?
Major Earthquakes Since 1900
Earthquakes that caused deaths or significant damage, or of magnitude 7.5 and above (NOAA).
Deadliest
- 1976Mindanao: S · M 8.08,000 deaths
- 1990Baguio, Cabanatuan, Dagupan · M 7.82,412 deaths
- 1911Luzon: Taal Volcano1,335 deaths
- 1991Luzon: Manila, Pinatubo Eruption · M 5.5800 deaths
- 1955Mindanao: Lanao, Ozamiz, Cotabato · M 7.4465 deaths
- 1968Luzon: Manila · M 7.3270 deaths
Tsunamis
39 major tsunamis have reached the Philippines since 1900, killing 4,857 people in the country. The deadliest and highest are listed below.
- 1976Tsunami (Philippines) · 9.0 m4,381 deaths
- 1965Tsunami (Philippines) · 4.7 m355 deaths
- 1911Tsunami (Philippines) · 3.0 m54 deaths
- 1994Tsunami (Philippines) · 7.3 m30 deaths
- 1960Tsunami (Chile) · 1.5 m21 deaths
- 1918Tsunami (Philippines) · 5.5 m6 deaths
- 1928Tsunami (Philippines)4 deaths
- 2026Tsunami (Philippines) · 1.5 m2 deaths
Tropical Cyclones
232 major tropical cyclones have made landfall in the Philippines since 1950. The deadliest and most powerful are listed below.
- 1984Typhoon Agnes · 204 km/h1,029 deaths
- 1951Typhoon Amy · 167 km/h991 deaths
- 1995Typhoon Angela · 259 km/h936 deaths
- 2024Typhoon Yagi · 80 km/h784 deaths
- 1981Typhoon Irma · 139 km/h595 deaths
- 2022Tropical Storm Megi · 46 km/h214 deaths
- 1980Typhoon Betty · 194 km/h101 deaths
- 2018Typhoon Mangkhut · 237 km/h59 deaths
- 1982Typhoon Nelson · 181 km/h56 deaths
- 2014Typhoon Rammasun · 213 km/h40 deaths
Sources : Natural Earth · Wikidata · INFORM Risk Index (1 September 2026 v 0.7.3), Commission européenne, CC BY 4.0 · NOAA NCEI · ThinkHazard!, GFDRR, CC BY · Bird (2003), PB2002 · Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian Institution