World Map › Asia › Indonesia
Country
Map of Indonesia
Asia · Jakarta
Indonesia spans the Sunda, Bird's Head, Banda Sea, Timor, Molucca Sea and Australian plates. It has 101 volcanoes active over the last 10,000 years, 66 of which have erupted since 1900. Since 1900, 324 major earthquakes have been recorded, causing at least 261,588 deaths. Its exposure to natural hazards is 7.4 out of 10 (INFORM index), a very high level. Its overall risk index, which accounts for its ability to cope, is 4.5 out of 10.
- Capital
- Jakarta
- Population
- 275,439,000
- Area
- 1,904,570 km²
- Continent
- Asia
Tectonic Plates
Natural Hazards
Exposure to natural hazards according to the European Commission's INFORM index, from 0 (very low) to 10 (very high), overall and for each type of hazard.
Overall Risk Index
This overall score combines hazard exposure with the vulnerability of the population (3.0 out of 10) and the lack of coping capacity (3.9 out of 10). A highly exposed but well-prepared country therefore gets a low overall score.
People Exposed Each Year
- 511,573to strong shaking (intensity VI and above)
- 70,003to destructive shaking (intensity VIII and above)
- 7,413to tsunamis
- 7,763to hurricane-force winds (category 1 and above)
- 1,717,989to river floods
- 288,634to coastal floods
Overall Risk Index Over Time
Hazard Levels
Hazard level assessed by ThinkHazard! (World Bank, GFDRR), meaning the likelihood of a damaging event, from very low to high.
- River FloodHigh
- Urban FloodHigh
- Coastal FloodHigh
- EarthquakeHigh
- LandslideHigh
- TsunamiHigh
- VolcanoHigh
- CycloneHigh
- WildfireHigh
- Water ScarcityMedium
- Extreme HeatMedium
Volcanoes (101)
Volcanoes active over the last 10,000 years; year of the last known eruption.
- Marapi 2026
- Merapi 2026
- Semeru 2026
- Lewotobi 2026
- Lewotolok 2026
- Dukono 2026
- Mount Ibu 2026
- Dempo 2025
- Dieng Volcanic Complex 2025
- Raung 2025
- Mount Kerinci 2024
- Suoh 2024
- Krakatau 2024
- Mount Ruang 2024
- Tengger Caldera (Bromo) 2023
- Karangetang 2023
- Mount Agung 2022
- Sangeang Api 2022
- Mount Sinabung 2021
- Iliwerung 2021
- Mount Sirung 2021
- Soputan 2020
- Tangkuban Parahu 2019
- Gamalama 2018
- Rinjani 2016
- Batu Tara 2015
- Lokon-Empung 2015
- Slamet 2014
- Kelud 2014
- Paluweh 2013
Major Earthquakes Since 1900
Earthquakes that caused deaths or significant damage, or of magnitude 7.5 and above (NOAA).
Deadliest
- 2004Sumatra: Aceh: Off West Coast · M 9.1227,899 deaths
- 2006Java: Bantul, Yogyakarta · M 6.36,234 deaths
- 1976New Guinea: Irian Jaya · M 7.16,000 deaths
- 2018Sulawesi · M 7.54,340 deaths
- 1992Flores Region, Maumere, Babi · M 7.82,500 deaths
- 1907Nw Sumatra: Gunungsitoli, Barus · M 8.22,188 deaths
Regions
Regions with volcanoes, major earthquakes, tsunamis, cyclones or famous faults.
Tsunamis
57 major tsunamis have reached Indonesia since 1900, killing 177,310 people in the country. The deadliest and highest are listed below.
- 2004Tsunami (Indonesia) · 50.9 m167,540 deaths
- 2018Tsunami (Indonesia) · 10.7 m3,980 deaths
- 1979Tsunami (Indonesia) · 9.0 m1,239 deaths
- 1992Tsunami (Indonesia) · 26.2 m1,157 deaths
- 2006Tsunami (Indonesia) · 20.9 m1,094 deaths
- 2010Tsunami (Indonesia) · 16.9 m553 deaths
- 1907Tsunami (Indonesia) · 15.0 m508 deaths
- 1994Tsunami (Indonesia) · 13.9 m238 deaths
Tropical Cyclones
6 major tropical cyclones have made landfall in Indonesia since 1950. The deadliest and most powerful are listed below.
- 2021Cyclone Seroja · 70 km/h160 deaths
- 2003Cyclone Inigo · 65 km/h
- 1980Cyclone Felix · 65 km/h
- 2014Cyclone Gillian · 56 km/h
- 2001Tropical Storm Vamei · 52 km/h
- 1995Cyclone Chloe · 37 km/h
Sources : Natural Earth · Wikidata · INFORM Risk Index (1 September 2026 v 0.7.3), Commission européenne, CC BY 4.0 · NOAA NCEI · ThinkHazard!, GFDRR, CC BY · Bird (2003), PB2002 · Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian Institution